It accounts for 20% of all female genital malignancies.
The average age of onset is 55 years.
There are more than 30 different types that fall into 3 main categories.
Epithelial (90%)
Germ cell (5%) – mainly diagnosed in women under 30 years of age
Stromal (5%)
Risk factors
Family history: relatives with ovarian, breast, or colon cancer
Gene mutations: mutations in genes such as BRCA 1 and BRCA 2, which are associated with inherited predisposition
History of breast cancer before age 50
Women who have not had children
Diet: diet rich in animal fats
Symptoms
Abdominal pain and discomfort
Swelling and presence of swelling or mass in the abdomen mainly in advanced stages
Persistent vomiting, nausea, indigestion
Pain during sexual intercourse
Frequent or compulsive urination
Change in bowel movements
Unusual vaginal blood loss (menstrual irregularities)
Weakness, fatigue, fatigue, anorexia
Diagnosis
Gynecological examination
Transvaginal ultrasound
CT /MRI upper and lower abdomen
Tumour markers
Treatment
Surgical treatment (total exclusion together with adjacent organs such as uterus, fallopian tubes). It aims to completely eliminate or reduce the disease burden.
Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is very effective in treating this cancer and is almost always followed by surgery.
